Files
smoa/docs/security/SMOA-Threat-Model.md
2025-12-26 10:48:33 -08:00

10 KiB

SMOA Threat Model

Version: 1.0
Last Updated: 2024-12-20
Status: Draft - In Progress
Classification: Internal Use


Threat Model Overview

Methodology

This threat model follows STRIDE methodology:

  • Spoofing
  • Tampering
  • Repudiation
  • Information Disclosure
  • Denial of Service
  • Elevation of Privilege

System Boundaries

  • Application: SMOA Android application
  • Device: Foldable Android device
  • Network: Secure government networks
  • Backend Services: Enterprise backend services (if applicable)
  • External Systems: AS4 gateway, NCIC, ATF, QTSP

Trust Boundaries

  • Device Boundary: Trust boundary between device and network
  • Application Boundary: Trust boundary between application and OS
  • User Boundary: Trust boundary between user and application
  • Network Boundary: Trust boundary between device and backend

Threat Identification

Authentication Threats

T-AUTH-001: PIN Guessing

  • Threat: Attacker guesses user PIN
  • Likelihood: Medium
  • Impact: High
  • Mitigation:
    • PIN complexity requirements
    • Retry limits and lockout
    • Rate limiting
    • Status: Mitigated

T-AUTH-002: Biometric Spoofing

  • Threat: Attacker spoofs biometric authentication
  • Likelihood: Low
  • Impact: High
  • Mitigation:
    • Hardware-backed biometrics
    • Liveness detection
    • Anti-spoofing measures
    • Status: Mitigated

T-AUTH-003: Session Hijacking

  • Threat: Attacker hijacks user session
  • Likelihood: Low
  • Impact: High
  • Mitigation:
    • Secure session tokens
    • Session timeout
    • Re-authentication requirements
    • Status: Mitigated

Authorization Threats

T-AUTHZ-001: Privilege Escalation

  • Threat: Attacker gains unauthorized privileges
  • Likelihood: Low
  • Impact: High
  • Mitigation:
    • Role-based access control
    • Principle of least privilege
    • Permission validation
    • Status: Mitigated

T-AUTHZ-002: Unauthorized Access

  • Threat: Attacker accesses unauthorized data
  • Likelihood: Medium
  • Impact: High
  • Mitigation:
    • Access control enforcement
    • Data classification
    • Audit logging
    • Status: Mitigated

Data Protection Threats

T-DATA-001: Data Theft

  • Threat: Attacker steals sensitive data
  • Likelihood: Medium
  • Impact: High
  • Mitigation:
    • Encryption at rest
    • Encryption in transit
    • Access controls
    • Status: Mitigated

T-DATA-002: Data Tampering

  • Threat: Attacker modifies data
  • Likelihood: Low
  • Impact: High
  • Mitigation:
    • Data integrity checks
    • Digital signatures
    • Audit logging
    • Status: Mitigated

T-DATA-003: Data Leakage

  • Threat: Sensitive data leaked
  • Likelihood: Medium
  • Impact: High
  • Mitigation:
    • Data classification
    • Access controls
    • Monitoring
    • Status: Mitigated

Network Threats

T-NET-001: Man-in-the-Middle

  • Threat: Attacker intercepts network traffic
  • Likelihood: Low
  • Impact: High
  • Mitigation:
    • TLS encryption
    • Certificate pinning
    • Mutual authentication
    • Status: Mitigated

T-NET-002: Network Eavesdropping

  • Threat: Attacker eavesdrops on network traffic
  • Likelihood: Low
  • Impact: Medium
  • Mitigation:
    • TLS encryption
    • VPN requirements
    • Network monitoring
    • Status: Mitigated

T-NET-003: Denial of Service

  • Threat: Attacker causes service unavailability
  • Likelihood: Low
  • Impact: Medium
  • Mitigation:
    • Offline operation capability
    • Rate limiting
    • Resource management
    • Status: Mitigated

Device Threats

T-DEV-001: Device Theft

  • Threat: Attacker steals device
  • Likelihood: Medium
  • Impact: High
  • Mitigation:
    • Device encryption
    • Remote wipe capability
    • Strong authentication
    • Status: Mitigated

T-DEV-002: Device Compromise

  • Threat: Attacker compromises device
  • Likelihood: Low
  • Impact: High
  • Mitigation:
    • Device hardening
    • Security monitoring
    • Incident response
    • Status: ⚠️ Partial

T-DEV-003: Malicious Apps

  • Threat: Malicious apps compromise security
  • Likelihood: Low
  • Impact: Medium
  • Mitigation:
    • App isolation
    • Permission restrictions
    • Security scanning
    • Status: Mitigated

Application Threats

T-APP-001: Code Injection

  • Threat: Attacker injects malicious code
  • Likelihood: Low
  • Impact: High
  • Mitigation:
    • Input validation
    • Secure coding practices
    • Code review
    • Status: Mitigated

T-APP-002: Reverse Engineering

  • Threat: Attacker reverse engineers application
  • Likelihood: Medium
  • Impact: Medium
  • Mitigation:
    • Code obfuscation
    • Anti-tampering measures
    • Secure key storage
    • Status: ⚠️ Partial

T-APP-003: Side-Channel Attacks

  • Threat: Attacker uses side-channel information
  • Likelihood: Low
  • Impact: Medium
  • Mitigation:
    • Constant-time operations
    • Secure memory handling
    • Timing attack protection
    • Status: ⚠️ Partial

Threat Analysis

Threat Likelihood Assessment

Threat Likelihood Rationale
PIN Guessing Medium PINs can be guessed with sufficient attempts
Biometric Spoofing Low Hardware-backed biometrics with liveness detection
Session Hijacking Low Secure session management
Privilege Escalation Low Strong RBAC enforcement
Data Theft Medium Device theft is possible
Data Tampering Low Integrity checks and signatures
Man-in-the-Middle Low TLS and certificate pinning
Device Theft Medium Physical device theft possible
Code Injection Low Input validation and secure coding
Reverse Engineering Medium Application can be analyzed

Threat Impact Assessment

Threat Impact Rationale
Authentication Bypass High Complete system compromise
Data Theft High Sensitive data exposure
Data Tampering High Data integrity compromise
Privilege Escalation High Unauthorized access
Network Interception High Communication compromise
Device Compromise High Complete device control
Service Disruption Medium Operational impact

Risk Assessment

Threat Likelihood Impact Risk Level Priority
T-AUTH-001: PIN Guessing Medium High High P1
T-AUTH-002: Biometric Spoofing Low High Medium P2
T-AUTH-003: Session Hijacking Low High Medium P2
T-AUTHZ-001: Privilege Escalation Low High Medium P1
T-DATA-001: Data Theft Medium High High P1
T-DATA-002: Data Tampering Low High Medium P1
T-NET-001: Man-in-the-Middle Low High Medium P1
T-DEV-001: Device Theft Medium High High P1
T-APP-001: Code Injection Low High Medium P1

Mitigation Strategies

Authentication Mitigations

  • Multi-factor authentication
  • Hardware-backed biometrics
  • PIN complexity and lockout
  • Session management
  • Re-authentication requirements

Authorization Mitigations

  • Role-based access control
  • Principle of least privilege
  • Permission validation
  • Access control enforcement
  • Audit logging

Data Protection Mitigations

  • Encryption at rest (AES-256-GCM)
  • Encryption in transit (TLS 1.2+)
  • Hardware-backed key storage
  • Data integrity checks
  • Digital signatures

Network Mitigations

  • TLS encryption
  • Certificate pinning
  • VPN requirements
  • Network monitoring
  • Rate limiting

Device Mitigations

  • Device encryption
  • Remote wipe capability
  • Device hardening
  • Security monitoring
  • MDM/UEM management

Application Mitigations

  • Input validation
  • Secure coding practices
  • Code review
  • Vulnerability scanning
  • ⚠️ Code obfuscation (partial)
  • ⚠️ Anti-tampering (partial)

Residual Risk

High Residual Risk

  • Device Compromise: Physical access to compromised device
  • Reverse Engineering: Application analysis and key extraction
  • Side-Channel Attacks: Timing and power analysis attacks

Medium Residual Risk

  • PIN Guessing: With sufficient time and access
  • Data Theft: If device is stolen and authentication bypassed

Low Residual Risk

  • Network Attacks: With TLS and VPN protection
  • Code Injection: With input validation
  • Session Hijacking: With secure session management

Threat Monitoring

Detection Capabilities

  • Failed Authentication: Monitor authentication failures
  • Unauthorized Access: Monitor access attempts
  • Anomalous Behavior: Detect unusual patterns
  • Security Violations: Detect policy violations

Response Procedures

  • Automated Response: Automatic threat response
  • Alert Generation: Security alert generation
  • Incident Escalation: Escalation procedures
  • Remediation: Threat remediation

Threat Model Maintenance

Review Schedule

  • Quarterly Reviews: Review threat model quarterly
  • After Major Changes: Review after architecture changes
  • After Security Incidents: Review after security incidents
  • Before Certification: Review before security certification

Update Procedures

  1. Identify new threats
  2. Assess threat likelihood and impact
  3. Update threat model
  4. Review mitigations
  5. Update documentation

References


Document Owner: Security Architect
Last Updated: 2024-12-20
Status: Draft - In Progress
Classification: Internal Use
Next Review: 2024-12-27