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docs/api-guide.md
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# DBIS Core Banking System - API Documentation Guide
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This guide provides comprehensive API documentation standards, best practices, and examples for the DBIS Core Banking System.
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## API Architecture
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```mermaid
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graph TB
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subgraph "Client Layer"
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WEB[Web Clients]
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MOBILE[Mobile Apps]
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PARTNER[Partner Systems]
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INTERNAL[Internal Services]
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end
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subgraph "API Gateway"
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GATEWAY[API Gateway]
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AUTH[Authentication]
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RATE[Rate Limiting]
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ROUTING[Request Routing]
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end
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subgraph "Service Layer"
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PAYMENT[Payment Service]
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FX[FX Service]
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CBDC[CBDC Service]
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LEDGER[Ledger Service]
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end
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subgraph "Data Layer"
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DB[(Database)]
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CACHE[(Cache)]
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HSM[HSM]
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end
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WEB --> GATEWAY
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MOBILE --> GATEWAY
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PARTNER --> GATEWAY
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INTERNAL --> GATEWAY
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GATEWAY --> AUTH
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AUTH --> RATE
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RATE --> ROUTING
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ROUTING --> PAYMENT
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ROUTING --> FX
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ROUTING --> CBDC
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ROUTING --> LEDGER
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PAYMENT --> DB
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FX --> DB
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CBDC --> DB
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LEDGER --> DB
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PAYMENT --> CACHE
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FX --> CACHE
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CBDC --> CACHE
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PAYMENT --> HSM
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FX --> HSM
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CBDC --> HSM
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LEDGER --> HSM
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```
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## API Request Flow
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```mermaid
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sequenceDiagram
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participant Client
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participant Gateway as API Gateway
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participant Auth as Auth Service
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participant Service as Business Service
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participant DB as Database
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participant HSM
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Client->>Gateway: HTTP Request
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Gateway->>Gateway: Validate Request Format
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Gateway->>Auth: Authenticate Request
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Auth->>HSM: Verify Signature
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HSM-->>Auth: Signature Valid
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Auth->>Auth: Check Permissions
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Auth-->>Gateway: Authorized
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Gateway->>Gateway: Apply Rate Limiting
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Gateway->>Service: Route Request
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Service->>DB: Query Data
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DB-->>Service: Return Data
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Service->>Service: Process Business Logic
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Service-->>Gateway: Response
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Gateway-->>Client: HTTP Response
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```
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## API Design Principles
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### RESTful Design
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1. **Resource-Based URLs**
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- Use nouns, not verbs
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- Use plural nouns for collections
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- Use hierarchical structure
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2. **HTTP Methods**
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- GET: Retrieve resources
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- POST: Create resources
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- PUT: Update resources (full)
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- PATCH: Update resources (partial)
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- DELETE: Delete resources
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3. **Status Codes**
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- 200: Success
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- 201: Created
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- 400: Bad Request
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- 401: Unauthorized
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- 403: Forbidden
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- 404: Not Found
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- 500: Internal Server Error
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### Request/Response Format
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#### Request Headers
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```http
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Authorization: Bearer <jwt_token>
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Content-Type: application/json
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X-Request-ID: <correlation_id>
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X-Signature: <request_signature>
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X-Timestamp: <unix_timestamp>
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```
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#### Response Format
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```json
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{
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"success": true,
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"data": {
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// Response data
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},
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"metadata": {
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"requestId": "req_123",
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"timestamp": "2024-01-15T10:30:00Z",
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"version": "1.0"
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}
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}
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```
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#### Error Response Format
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```json
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{
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"success": false,
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"error": {
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"code": "INSUFFICIENT_BALANCE",
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"message": "Insufficient balance in source account",
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"details": {
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"accountId": "acc_123",
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"availableBalance": 100.00,
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"requestedAmount": 200.00
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}
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},
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"metadata": {
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"requestId": "req_123",
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"timestamp": "2024-01-15T10:30:00Z"
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}
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}
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```
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## Authentication & Authorization
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### Authentication Flow
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```mermaid
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sequenceDiagram
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participant Client
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participant API as API Gateway
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participant Auth as Auth Service
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participant HSM
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Client->>API: Request with Credentials
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API->>Auth: Validate Credentials
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Auth->>HSM: Generate/Verify Token
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HSM-->>Auth: Token
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Auth-->>API: JWT Token
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API-->>Client: Return JWT Token
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Client->>API: Request with JWT Token
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API->>Auth: Validate JWT
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Auth->>HSM: Verify Signature
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HSM-->>Auth: Valid
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Auth-->>API: Authorized
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API->>API: Process Request
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```
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### Authorization
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1. **Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)**
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- Define roles (admin, operator, viewer)
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- Assign permissions to roles
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- Check permissions on each request
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2. **Resource-Based Authorization**
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- Check ownership
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- Verify access rights
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- Validate business rules
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## Rate Limiting
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### Rate Limiting Strategy
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```mermaid
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graph TD
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subgraph "Rate Limiting Tiers"
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TIER1[Tier 1: Critical Endpoints<br/>100 req/min]
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TIER2[Tier 2: Standard Endpoints<br/>1000 req/min]
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TIER3[Tier 3: Read-Only Endpoints<br/>10000 req/min]
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end
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TIER1 --> ENFORCE[Rate Limiter]
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TIER2 --> ENFORCE
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TIER3 --> ENFORCE
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ENFORCE --> ALLOW[Allow Request]
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ENFORCE --> REJECT[Reject Request<br/>429 Too Many Requests]
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```
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### Rate Limit Headers
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```http
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X-RateLimit-Limit: 1000
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X-RateLimit-Remaining: 950
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X-RateLimit-Reset: 1642248000
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```
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## API Versioning
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### Versioning Strategy
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```mermaid
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graph LR
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subgraph "Versioning Approaches"
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URL[URL Versioning<br/>/api/v1/payments]
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HEADER[Header Versioning<br/>Accept: application/vnd.dbis.v1+json]
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QUERY[Query Versioning<br/>?version=1]
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end
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URL --> RECOMMENDED[Recommended]
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HEADER --> ALTERNATIVE[Alternative]
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QUERY --> NOT_RECOMMENDED[Not Recommended]
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```
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### Version Lifecycle
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1. **Current Version**: Actively maintained
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2. **Deprecated Version**: Still supported, migration recommended
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3. **Retired Version**: No longer supported
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## Error Handling
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### Error Categories
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```mermaid
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graph TD
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subgraph "Error Types"
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CLIENT[Client Errors<br/>4xx]
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SERVER[Server Errors<br/>5xx]
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BUSINESS[Business Logic Errors]
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end
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CLIENT --> VALIDATION[Validation Errors]
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CLIENT --> AUTH[Authentication Errors]
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CLIENT --> PERM[Permission Errors]
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SERVER --> INTERNAL[Internal Server Errors]
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SERVER --> TIMEOUT[Timeout Errors]
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SERVER --> UNAVAILABLE[Service Unavailable]
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BUSINESS --> INSUFFICIENT[Insufficient Balance]
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BUSINESS --> INVALID[Invalid State]
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BUSINESS --> CONFLICT[Business Rule Conflicts]
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```
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### Error Response Codes
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| Code | Category | Description |
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|------|----------|-------------|
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| 400 | Client Error | Bad Request |
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| 401 | Client Error | Unauthorized |
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| 403 | Client Error | Forbidden |
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| 404 | Client Error | Not Found |
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| 409 | Client Error | Conflict |
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| 429 | Client Error | Too Many Requests |
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| 500 | Server Error | Internal Server Error |
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| 503 | Server Error | Service Unavailable |
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## API Documentation Standards
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### OpenAPI/Swagger Specification
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All APIs should be documented using OpenAPI 3.0 specification:
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```yaml
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openapi: 3.0.0
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info:
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title: DBIS Core Banking API
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version: 1.0.0
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description: Sovereign-grade financial infrastructure API
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paths:
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/api/v1/payments:
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post:
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summary: Create a payment
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requestBody:
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required: true
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content:
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application/json:
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schema:
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$ref: '#/components/schemas/PaymentRequest'
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responses:
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'201':
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description: Payment created
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content:
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application/json:
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schema:
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$ref: '#/components/schemas/PaymentResponse'
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'400':
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description: Bad request
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content:
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application/json:
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schema:
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$ref: '#/components/schemas/ErrorResponse'
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```
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### Documentation Requirements
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1. **Endpoint Documentation**
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- Description
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- Request/response schemas
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- Example requests/responses
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- Error responses
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- Authentication requirements
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2. **Schema Documentation**
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- Field descriptions
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- Data types
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- Validation rules
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- Example values
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3. **Authentication Documentation**
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- Authentication methods
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- Token generation
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- Token usage
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- Permission requirements
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## Best Practices
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### API Design
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1. **Consistency**
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- Use consistent naming conventions
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- Follow RESTful principles
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- Standardize error responses
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2. **Idempotency**
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- Use idempotency keys
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- Support idempotent operations
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- Return same response for duplicate requests
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3. **Pagination**
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- Use cursor-based pagination
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- Limit page size
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- Provide pagination metadata
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4. **Filtering & Sorting**
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- Support filtering by common fields
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- Enable sorting by relevant fields
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- Document filter/sort options
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### Security
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1. **Input Validation**
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- Validate all inputs
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- Use schema validation
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- Sanitize user inputs
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2. **Output Sanitization**
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- Don't expose sensitive data
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- Mask sensitive fields
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- Use appropriate content types
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3. **HTTPS Only**
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- Enforce HTTPS
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- Use TLS 1.3
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- Implement HSTS
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### Performance
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1. **Caching**
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- Cache GET requests
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- Use appropriate cache headers
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- Implement cache invalidation
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2. **Compression**
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- Use gzip compression
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- Compress large responses
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- Support content negotiation
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3. **Async Operations**
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- Use async for long operations
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- Provide status endpoints
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- Support webhooks
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## API Testing
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### Testing Strategy
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```mermaid
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graph TD
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subgraph "API Testing"
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UNIT[Unit Tests]
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INT[Integration Tests]
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E2E[E2E Tests]
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LOAD[Load Tests]
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SEC[Security Tests]
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end
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UNIT --> COVERAGE[Test Coverage]
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INT --> COVERAGE
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E2E --> COVERAGE
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LOAD --> PERFORMANCE[Performance Validation]
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SEC --> SECURITY[Security Validation]
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```
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### Test Examples
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1. **Happy Path Tests**
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- Valid requests
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- Successful responses
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- Expected behavior
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2. **Error Scenarios**
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- Invalid inputs
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- Authentication failures
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- Business rule violations
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3. **Edge Cases**
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- Boundary values
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- Null/empty inputs
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- Concurrent requests
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## Recommendations
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### Priority: High
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1. **API Documentation**
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- Document all endpoints
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- Keep documentation up to date
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- Provide interactive examples
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2. **Versioning Strategy**
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- Implement URL versioning
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- Maintain backward compatibility
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- Plan deprecation timelines
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3. **Error Handling**
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- Standardize error responses
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- Provide meaningful error messages
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- Include error codes
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4. **Rate Limiting**
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- Implement per-endpoint limits
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- Use sliding window algorithm
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- Provide rate limit headers
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For detailed recommendations, see [RECOMMENDATIONS.md](./RECOMMENDATIONS.md).
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---
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## Related Documentation
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- [Best Practices Guide](./BEST_PRACTICES.md)
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- [Recommendations](./RECOMMENDATIONS.md)
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- [Development Guide](./development.md)
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- [Architecture Atlas](./architecture-atlas.md)
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Reference in New Issue
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